While the prominent 8th century Vedic scholar and teacher ( acharya) Adi Shankara emphasized that, since Brahman is ever-present, Brahman-knowledge is immediate and requires no 'action', that is, striving and effort, the Advaita tradition also prescribes elaborate preparatory practice, including contemplation of the mahavakyas and accepting yogic samadhi as a means to knowledge, posing a paradox which is also recognized in other spiritual disciplines and traditions.
Upanishadic statements such as tat tvam asi, "that you are," destroy the ignorance ( avidyā) regarding one's true identity by revealing that (jiv)Ātman is non-different from immortal Brahman. In the Advaita tradition, moksha (liberation from suffering and rebirth) is attained through recognizing this illusoriness of the phenomenal world and disidentification from the body-mind complex and the notion of 'doership', and acquiring vidyā (knowledge) of one's true identity as Atman- Brahman, self-luminous ( svayam prakāśa) awareness or Witness-consciousness. The jivatman or individual self is a mere reflection or limitation of singular Ātman in a multitude of apparent individual bodies. In this view, ( jiv) Ātman, the experiencing self, and Ātman-Brahman, the highest Self and Absolute Reality, is non-different. The term Advaita (literally "non-secondness", but usually rendered as " nondualism", and often equated with monism ) refers to the idea that Brahman alone is ultimately real, while the transient phenomenal world is an illusory appearance ( maya) of Brahman. One should gently, gently merge in SAT-AUM.Īdvaita Vedanta ( / ʌ d ˈ v aɪ t ə v ɛ ˈ d ɑː n t ə/ Sanskrit: अद्वैत वेदान्त, IAST: Advaita Vedānta) is a Hindu sādhanā, a path of spiritual discipline and experience, and the oldest extant tradition of the orthodox Hindu school Vedānta.
Neither that, nor this, nor the meaning of existence am I,īut existence, consciousness, joy immortal thus attaining clarity,ĭiscarding attachment to being and non-being, Narayana Guru on Advaita Vedanta in his work Atmopadesa Śatakam
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